Map of Aeneas's journey The Aeneid (;: Aeneis ) is a, written by between 29 and 19 BC, that tells the story of, a who travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the. It comprises 9,896 lines in. The first six of the poem's twelve books tell the story of Aeneas's wanderings from Troy to Italy, and the poem's second half tells of the Trojans' ultimately victorious war upon the, under whose name Aeneas and his Trojan followers are destined to be subsumed.

The hero Aeneas was already known to legend and myth, having been a character in the. Took the disconnected tales of Aeneas's wanderings, his vague association with the foundation of and a personage of no fixed characteristics other than a scrupulous, and fashioned this into a compelling or that at once tied Rome to the legends of Troy, explained the, glorified traditional Roman virtues, and legitimized the as descendants of the founders, heroes, and gods of Rome and Troy.

The Aeneid is widely regarded as Virgil's masterpiece and one of the greatest works of Latin literature. See also: and The Aeneid can be divided into two halves based on the disparate subject matter of Books 1–6 (Aeneas's journey to Latium in Italy) and Books 7–12 (the war in Latium). These two halves are commonly regarded as reflecting Virgil's ambition to rival by treating both the Odyssey's wandering theme and the Iliad's warfare themes. This is, however, a rough correspondence, the limitations of which should be borne in mind.

Journey to Italy (books 1–6) [ ] Theme [ ] Virgil begins his poem with a statement of his theme ( Arma virumque cano., 'I sing of arms and of a man.' ) and an invocation to the, falling some seven lines after the poem's inception ( Musa, mihi causas memora., 'O Muse, recount to me the causes.'

He then explains the reason for the principal conflict in the story: the resentment held by the goddess against the people. This is consistent with her role throughout the.

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Storm and Refuge [ ] Also in the manner of, the story proper begins (into the middle of things), with the Trojan fleet in the eastern, heading in the direction of Italy. The fleet, led by, is on a voyage to find a second home. It has been foretold that in Italy he will give rise to a race both noble and courageous, a race which will become known to all nations. Juno is wrathful, because she had not been chosen in the, and because her favorite city,, will be destroyed by Aeneas's descendants. Also,, a Trojan prince, was chosen to be the cup bearer to her husband, Jupiter—replacing Juno's daughter,. Juno proceeds to, King of the Winds, and asks that he release the winds to stir up a storm in exchange for a bribe (, the loveliest of all her sea nymphs, as a wife).

Aeolus does not accept the bribe, but agrees to carry out Juno's orders (line 77, 'My task is / To fulfill your commands'); the storm then devastates the fleet. The suicide of (book 4), sculpture by () (1667–1722) Heading into the open sea, Aeneas leaves Buthrotum, rounds the SE tip of Italy and makes his way towards (Trinacria).

There, they are caught in the whirlpool of and driven out to sea. Soon they come ashore at the land of the. There they meet a Greek,, one of Ulysses' men, who has been left behind when his comrades escaped the cave of. They take Achaemenides on board and narrowly escape Polyphemus. Shortly after, Anchises dies peacefully of old age, and Aeneas sails to Carthage.

Fate of Queen Dido [ ] Aeneas finishes his story, and Dido realizes that she has fallen in love with Aeneas. Juno seizes upon this opportunity to make a deal with Venus, Aeneas's mother, with the intention of distracting Aeneas from his destiny of founding a city in Italy.